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How do I create Google Analytics 4 metrics?

Updated

Visualize, discover, and act on your Google Analytics 4 website and app data by creating Google Analytics 4 instant and custom data feed metrics.

This article includes:

Connecting PowerMetrics to your Google Analytics 4 data

Whether you’re creating instant or custom metrics, one of your first steps is connecting PowerMetrics to your Google Analytics 4 data. Here are a couple things to note about connecting:

Your data is safe with us. The first time you connect your Google Analytics 4 data to PowerMetrics, you'll be prompted to enter your Google Analytics 4 login credentials and give permission to allow access to the data within your Google Analytics 4 account. We are serious about protecting your data privacy.

Managing your connections. By default, your connection name looks like this: yourname<date and time created>. You can rename connections from your list of connections (accessed by clicking the in the left navigation sidebar and selecting Connections) or within the application as you add metrics. Go here for more information on managing your account connections. You can use the same account connection every time you connect to Google Analytics 4. If you have trouble accessing an existing connection, your OAuth token may have expired. If that happens to you, check out these troubleshooting tips.

Adding Google Analytics 4 instant metrics

PowerMetrics includes a wide variety of instant metrics for Google Analytics 4. Created for you by industry experts and based on best practices, our instant metrics will get you tracking your Google Analytics 4 data in no time!

Google Analytics 4 instant metrics include auto-backfilling of data history. When you add instant metrics, they instantly include your most recent 2 weeks of data. After auto-backfilling is complete, they’ll include up to 6 months of historical data. The date range window available to you depends on your pricing plan. It determines how much of your stored data you can see at a time in your metrics and dashboards.

Tip: Have your Google Analytics login credentials handy. The first time you connect, you’ll need to enter them and choose the related Analytics Account and Property or App account setting.

To add Google Analytics 4 instant metrics:

  1. In the left navigation sidebar click the + button beside Metrics and select See all services.
    Note: You can also add instant metrics from the Metric List page, or from Explorer, or from an open dashboard, in Edit mode.
  2. On the Where is your data page, under Services with Instant Metrics, select Google Analytics 4.
  3. Select one or more instant metrics.
    • You can select up to 5 metrics each time you visit this page. If you want to learn more about a metric, click the information button (see below) to see a brief metric definition, a list of available dimensions, and the metric formula. For more detailed information, click the link to go to its information page in MetricHQ.
  4. Click Add metrics.
  5. If this is your first time adding metrics for Google Analytics 4, click Add new account.
  6. Enter your Google Analytics 4 login credentials and click Allow to enable Klipfolio PowerMetrics to securely access your Google Analytics 4 data.
  7. To further define the data you're looking for, under Choose account settings, select your Analytics Account and Property or App from the drop-down lists. Click Use account.

    Note: The next time you add Google Analytics 4 instant metrics, you won’t need to enter your Google credentials or choose account settings. That’s because we assume you want to use the same account as before and skip those steps. However, if you want to connect to a different account, before clicking “Add metrics”, click the account connection in the top right of the window (see below) and either select an alternate, existing account or click “Add new account”.

 

That's all there is to it! You just added Google Analytics 4 instant metrics to your account. If you added them from the navigation sidebar or from your Metric List page, they're added to your list of metrics. If you added them from an open dashboard, they're added to the dashboard and to your list of metrics. If you added them from Explorer, they open in Explorer and are added to your list of metrics.

Creating Google Analytics 4 custom metrics

If our Google Analytics 4 instant metrics don’t get you to the data you’re looking for, create custom metrics instead.

When you create Google Analytics 4 custom metrics, you:

Connecting to your Google Analytics 4 account and adding a data feed

The first time you connect PowerMetrics to your Google Analytics 4 data, you log into your Google account, allow Klipfolio PowerMetrics to access your data, and specify the data you want to connect to by choosing account settings (Analytics Account and Property or App). When you create custom metrics next time, you can use the same account connection or add a new account or account settings to point to different data.

Every custom metric needs a data feed. As you create your metrics, you'll either create a new data feed or select one from your list of existing data feeds. Learn more about data feeds.

To connect PowerMetrics to your Google Analytics 4 account and add a data feed:

  1. In the left navigation sidebar click the + button beside Metrics and select See all services.
    Note: You can also create custom metrics from the Metric List page, or from Explorer, or from an open dashboard, in Edit mode.
  2. On the Where is your data? page, under Services with Instant Metrics, select Google Analytics 4.
  3. Click Can't find the instant metric you need? Build a custom metric instead. It's located at the end of your list of instant metrics. (See below.)
  4. If this is your first time connecting to Google Analytics 4:
    • Click +New data feed > Select Google Analytics 4 data.
    • Click Add new account.
    • Enter your Google Analytics 4 login credentials and click Allow to enable Klipfolio PowerMetrics to securely access your Google Analytics 4 data.
    • To further define the data you're looking for, under Choose account settings, select your Analytics Account and Property or App from the drop-down lists. Click Use account.
    • Next, choose the data to include in your data feed.
  5. If you’ve connected to Google Analytics 4 before:
    • You skip the account connection steps described above (we assume you want to use the same account and account settings as before) and go directly to the step for creating a new data feed or selecting an existing data feed.
      Note: If you want to connect to a different account, you can do so in the query builder when choosing data to include in your data feed. There you can click the account connection at the top of the data preview window (see below) and select an alternate, existing account or click “Add new account”.
    • To create a new data feed, click Select data feed > +New Google Analytics 4 data feed > Select Google Analytics 4 data. Then, choose the data to include in your data feed.
    • To use an existing data feed, click Select data feed. Choose a data feed from the list on the Select a data feed page and click Select. Then, configure your custom metric.

Choosing data to include in your data feed

In the query builder, you tell us what data you want to retrieve for your data feed. When you use the data feed for your custom metrics, you’ll choose which pieces of data from the feed you want to display for each metric.

Using the data view you select, we’ll run a query to get a list of available columns (fields) from within the data view. You’ll then choose from those columns to specify what data to include in your data feed.

Tip: You can apply filters to the data view and to columns in the left sidebar and in the data preview. Applying filters helps narrow down the data you’re looking for, ensuring you only query the data you need. By pinpointing your desired data, you optimize the volume of data being queried, which not only makes your data easier to understand and handle, it often makes the query run faster! Learn more about filtering.

To choose data to include in your data feed:

  1. In the Choose data for your data feed page, under Data view, click the drop-down and choose the subset of data you want to query.
    • Tip: Find the data view you’re looking for by entering its name in the search box or by entering the name of a column/field to find the data view that includes it.
  2. Under Data view filters, add required filters (if needed) and optional filters (if desired).
    • Tip: APIs for some services include "StartDate" and "EndDate" as optional data view filters. Applying filters here, at the query (source) level, rather than later at the query results level can improve efficiency and simplify data handling.
  3. Under Columns, select the checkboxes beside the columns you want to include in your data feed.
    • Tip: Columns represent the fields that are available for the data view you selected above. Each item you choose will display as a column in the data preview table. If there are a lot of columns to choose from and you know what you’re looking for, start typing the column name into the search box. You can add up to 30 columns for each data view.
  4. Optionally, apply filters to applicable columns to narrow down your data before previewing.
    • Note: You may find it easier to apply filters to columns in the next step (in the data preview table) as you can see your data more clearly there. However, if you know your data set well, applying filters in the sidebar can be beneficial because it removes excess data before previewing. It may also be necessary when your data is too large to query all at once.
  5. When you’re done selecting (and filtering) columns, click Preview data. The data preview window is populated with the results of the query for the columns you chose.
    • Note: The data preview table can show up to the first 1000 rows of your data. As a result, if you have a large data set, some rows may not display. Using the drop-down, you can select the number of rows to display (50, 100, 500, or 1000). You can also see how long it took for your query to complete. (See below.)
  6. If this isn’t the data you want for your data feed, choose a different data view and/or columns. To preview your most recent choices, either click Preview data again or click reload data Reload data (located above the data preview table).
    • Note: At the top of the data preview window, you can see the Google Analytics 4 account you’re currently connected to (see below). By clicking it, you can change to a different account. If you change accounts, your recent choices are removed and you start over by choosing a data view and columns.
  7. In the data preview window, you can narrow down the data you want to include in your data feed by applying filters to applicable columns.
  8. When you’re satisfied with your choices, click Use this data.

You've chosen your data. Next step - refine the data in the data feed editor.

Refining data in the data feed editor

You’ve arrived in the data feed editor where you can choose to either accept the automatic settings or make changes. Learn more about editing data feeds.

If you’re happy with the automatic settings:

If you want to make changes:

  • Some common adjustments include changing the data format or names for columns, updating the data feed name, and combining columns using formulas - there are many customization options available.
  • If you want to adjust your query choices (for example, add or remove columns or filters) click the tile under Data service to return to the query builder. (See below.)
  • When you’re finished editing the data feed, click Save data feed and proceed to Configuring your custom metric.

Note: After you’re finished creating a custom metric with this data feed, you can return to it and use it to make more custom metrics. In the left navigation sidebar, click Data Feeds. Select the desired data feed from the list and click +Add metric.

You've created a Google Analytics 4 data feed. Next step - Configuring your custom metric.

Configuring your custom metric

When you configure a custom metric you select the measure and dimensions from the data feed to include in the metric and choose settings that determine how the data will be visualized.

Tip: As you configure custom metrics, you can click the button, located beside “Measure”, “Date and Time”, and “Date handling”. This opens a guide for each setting that helps you decide which options to choose. As you make choices, you’ll see the result in the metric preview window on the left. Don’t worry about getting everything right the first time. Before clicking “Save metric”, you can go back and forth, making changes and observing the preview until you arrive at the configuration settings that give you the exact metric you’re looking for.

To configure your custom metric:

  1. Under Data source, optionally, click Filter source data to include or exclude members for columns in the data feed. Excluded members will not display or be available as dimensions in the saved metric visualization.
    Note: You can filter by member or by condition. By default, the first time you apply filters to a metric, you’ll see the UI for member filtering. To filter by condition, click the “Condition filters” link. Note: You can apply up to 10 filter conditions/dimension.
    Tip: You can also view and edit the data feed that’s associated with this metric by clicking the tile as shown below.
    data source filters
  2. Under Measure, select the column from the data feed that contains the values you want to track in your metric.
  3. Under Dimensions, select the columns by which you want to be able to segment and/or filter your metric value (measure). Each selection shows a unique view of your business, for example, you might choose to look at your sales data based on region, sales rep, or product type.
    • By default, selected dimensions will be available for filtering and segmentation in the final metric visualization. To modify this setting for individual dimensions, click All beside the dimension name and deselect the checkbox for as a filter or as a segment. (See below.)
      dimension filters
    • You can also create a metric with no ability to segment or filter, by not selecting any dimensions.
    • Note: When choosing dimensions, you can only select columns that have a text format. If the associated data feed doesn’t include any text columns there will be no available categories by which to segment.
    • Tip: You can optionally change a dimension’s name by selecting the current name and typing a new one. This changes the display name only (not the name of the dimension in the data feed). If you change the display name and want to see the one that’s being used in the data feed, hover over the dimension’s name. Note: If you change a name for a dimension that’s also being used by other metric visualizations, associated filters and segmentations will be removed from those visualizations and need to be reapplied.
  4. Under Date and Time, select the column from the data feed that contains the date/time associated with each value.
    select column with date time
    If the data feed doesn’t include a date column or history, deselect the Data feed contains historical data toggle to use the date and time the data feed is refreshed. (See below.)
    use refresh time
  5. Click the Settings tab.
  6. Under Date handling, select Use all values or Use most recent values only. Your choice determines the data points your metric will use when calculating the metric value for a time period.

    If you chose Use most recent values only, select the desired time period. (See below.)

    If you need more help deciding which date handling option to choose, check out this article: Choosing the right date handling method for your custom metrics.
  7. Under Format, select from Numeric, Currency, Percentage, or Duration.

    If you selected Currency as the data format, the default currency symbol that will display is USD $. You can select an alternate Currency symbol from the drop-down list. Note: This is a display option only. Currency is not converted.
    If you selected Duration as the data format, optionally, adjust the Maximum and Minimum Granularity settings.
  8. Under Decimal places, select the number of decimals to display (from 0 - 9). The Auto setting displays up to 4 decimal places and drops trailing zeros.
    Note: If you change the decimal place setting for a metric and want to see the source data values with their original decimal places, reselect Auto.
  9. Under Aggregation, you’ll see the aggregation type. It’s based on the measure you selected for the metric.
    • For numeric columns, the initial aggregation type is “sum”. For text columns, it's “count”. The aggregation type will be used when the aggregation has not been overridden by the user in a metric visualization and wherever there are no configuration options available. For example, on the Metric List page, metrics will display using an aggregation type based on your selection here.
      set aggregation
  10. Enable the Users can override aggregation option if you want to allow changes to the aggregation setting for the metric.
    • Note: When metrics are created, they’re automatically visualized using the most appropriate aggregation type. As a result, we recommend disabling the ability to override the aggregation type.
  11. Under Blank values, decide how to treat empty values. Tip: For transactional metrics, we recommend you treat blank values as zeros.
    blank values
  12. Under Favourable trend, choose whether you want ascending or descending values to indicate a positive trend.
    • For example, if your metric includes sales totals, a higher (ascending) number demonstrates a positive trend but, if your metric includes cost to acquire customers, a lower (descending) number indicates a positive trend. Favourable trends are indicated by a green arrow. Unfavourable changes in metric values are indicated by a red arrow.
  13. Click the About tab.
  14. Optionally, enter a new name and description for the metric.
    • Note: The metric was automatically named based on the measure you chose.
  15. Under Metric image, optionally, click Edit image to change the metric’s service icon. Learn more here.
  16. Under Certification, optionally, enable the Certify this metric toggle. Learn more here.
  17. When you’re done configuring your metric, click Save metric.

If you added the custom metric from the navigation sidebar or from your Metric List page, it's added to your list of metrics. If you added it from an open dashboard, it's added to the dashboard and to your list of metrics.

Next steps – Interacting with your data

Now that you're connected and have some metrics, it's time to start learning from your data and tracking your progress.

Here are a few suggestions for interacting with your data:

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